Tuesday, April 1, 2014

Objectives



Tom:  There are a couple of words we keep coming back to.  One is balance, which we’ve already discussed, and the other is Objectives.  So our topic for today is simple: how important are Objectives to an actor?

Austin:  This is such a good and simple topic that it’s beyond important!  I honestly feel there are many “things” an actor can pick up along the way, but without a good grasp of the notion of Objectives, they’re just dead in the water.

Tom:  I agree with you entirely, and I think part of the reason is because - in so-called “real life” - we have Objectives every waking second.  We always, always, always want something.  We may not always express those wants, nor articulate them, but we nonetheless have them.  Don’t you think?

Austin:  Without a doubt!!  But you know that “real life” idea of Objective can work against an actor from time to time.  

Tom:  How so?

Austin:  I’ve had students say that in real life they don’t always have an Objective in the front of their mind, so they don’t feel it’s necessary to have them on stage.  So is there a way that we can (a) define Objective, and (b) define how it works for an actor within the context of their technique?

Tom:  Good questions, and I do see the students’ point with what they’re saying.  To start with: the definition. 

Austin:  Right.

Tom:  It’s a great place to begin, especially because teachers and directors use so many words when referring to nearly the same thing: Objective, Intention, Motivation, Want, Goal, Need.  

Austin:  To me, there’s validity to each of them.

Tom:  Absolutely, although a word like “Need” is particularly good because it implies higher stakes than a mere “Want.”  But as for a definition, I prefer the simplest: it’s what you get from or do to another character on stage.

Austin:  Exactly!  You know, and I’ve mentioned this before, but I stumbled across something in a book on Stanislavsky (The Stanislavsky System of Acting: Legacy and Influence in Modern Performance by Rose Whyman) and the author presented the idea that the Russian word for Objective is the same word for Task and that there might have been a translation issue.  

Tom:  Oooh, a conspiracy theory.  I love it.

Austin:  Either way, one of the things I like about the word Task is that it ACTIVATES the Objective.  It creates a way to articulate WHAT you do to get or do to another character.

Tom:  And Task is a great word, but for me, it’s a different word.  It has more to do with action - what the character does to achieve their Objective.  Am I crazy for thinking that?

Austin:  Not at all!  To me these words are all about moving the character forward in the story.

Tom:  I like that.

Austin:  I use the words interchangeably because I’ve been trained with the concept of Objectives and Super-objectives.  And maybe we’re using Task the same way, but to me there’s something even more basic about a Task.  Something like: “I need to get to the other side of the room to get some distance between Masha and me or I might just destroy my marriage.”  That kind of thing.  The Task is in service of a greater Objective, but for me it’s a small, simple active THING a character can do.  Does that make sense or am I babbling?

Tom:  (a) It makes perfect sense, and (b) you never babble.  The only thing I would say about it is that sometimes the Objective can be “un-Task-like.”  By that I mean: “I want to convince Masha that she shouldn’t stay married.”  Would you still consider that a Task?

Austin:  I might.  Obviously, I would also consider that an Objective, but to me they’re both still active.  I guess the thing I’m drawn to with regards to the idea of Task is that if my Task is to convince Masha that she shouldn’t stay married, then the Task version could focus on HOW I would do that and the active choices I make to achieve that.  

Tom:  Gotcha.

Austin:  Not much different than Objective, but I want it to be more focused on the activities directed at the other character instead of turning it into a lengthy psychological thesis.

Tom:  What I like about what you say is that you and I are pretty much saying the same thing … but with slightly different terms.  Or different uses of the same terms.  I love that!  

Austin:  Me, too.

Tom:  Because frankly, that’s valuable for students – that’s what they’re going to experience “out there”: directors and teachers using different words but often meaning the same thing.  For example, I use the word Objective, but I’ll be the first to admit it’s kind of stuffy, and when I’m actually working with actors, far more often I’ll say, “What do you Want?”  For me, that’s more direct and simple and can lead to a strong Action – what actors are DOING to achieve that Objective.

Austin:  SO TRUE!  It’s almost like the word Objective has become the universal term for all actors, but when you’re in the trenches the main vocabulary comes down to that Want or Need!  

Tom:  I like that phrase: in the trenches.  Because that’s what it feels like much of the time: a battle.  Characters fighting to get something from someone else.

Austin:  Let me ask you this: Do you think there’s a big difference with Want and Need?

Tom:  Maybe not a big difference, but a difference nonetheless.  I think much of the play is about Wants, but as the play progresses, I think those Wants turn to Needs.  The stakes get higher.  The urgency increases.  Does that make sense?

Austin:  Complete sense!  Something that I think about with Wants and Needs comes back to The Actor and the Target – a Want is something you can take or leave, but a Need is something you can’t live without.  

Tom:  I love that!  Well played, my friend.

Austin:  And I think that goes nicely with what you’re saying.  At some point within the story, that Want shifts to a clear and definite NEED!  And that always drives the urgency.

Tom:  That’s a great way of putting it.  And it makes me go back to the second part of your original question: how does all this work for the actor within the context of their technique?  And I think one of the answers is that it teaches the actor to be ACTIVE on stage.  As audience members, we pay to see a story, and story implies a series of events, and a series of events implies THINGS HAPPENING.  So actors must DO things.  And not by themselves, but with and to the other characters on stage.  And that all begins...

Austin:  …with Wants and Needs. 

Tom:  Exactly.

Austin:  Do you ever think those Wants and Needs or even Objectives can change during the rehearsal process?  

Tom:  Absolutely.  I go back to Uta Hagen, who claimed that the entire purpose of a rehearsal process is to discover the most appropriate Objectives.  I love that notion!  So yes, you try one thing one night, and you try something different the next, and something different the night after that, until you and the director land on those Objectives and Tactics that make the most sense, that are the most engaging, the most surprising, the most interesting, etc.  So some might be original Objectives, but some might very well be entirely new, discovered during the rehearsal process.

Austin:  I love that idea of discovery!  

Tom:  I know, right?

Austin:  So have you ever experienced trying to force an Objective that didn’t seem to jive with the story?  

Tom:  Many times!

Austin:  So what do you do?

Tom:  That’s the value of a director, that he/she can give you feedback and say, “Whatever you’re playing might be interesting, but it’s not really serving this particular moment of the play.”  I experience this a lot – as an actor, a teacher, and a director.  And you know what?  That’s a good thing!  I love it when actors try Objectives that don’t work with the story, because it implies they’re making STRONG CHOICES, and then we can figure things out from there.  The important thing is that actors go for it: they make a strong choice and commit to it and don’t waffle in between choices.  How about you?  Have you experienced this?

Austin:  Oh yes!  I’ve actually FELT when an Objective wasn’t working.  Even if it was fulfilled, something about it felt forced.  I’ve also seen this with actors in class and rehearsals.  And like you, I think this is WHAT the process is all about!  I think it’s important for actors to make choices and try things.  I think they HAVE to be an active and creative part of the process.  If not, then they’re just pawns in the director’s vision.  

Tom:  You’re preaching to the choir there, my friend.

Austin:  Of course, the job is to work in service of that vision or the playwright’s vision, THE STORY, but the actor has to come into the process with a point of view and that starts with Objectives and Wants and Needs and Tasks! 

Tom:  I love what you’re saying, and it implies the best of what theatre can be: a true collaboration between artists.  

Austin:  Amen.

Tom:  And there’s something else you say I want to point up, because it’s rather brilliant.  In talking about how the actor is working in rehearsal, you say that the actor is “active.”  That’s golden.  For some actors, rehearsals are about learning lines and blocking, and of course it needs to be so much more than that.  It’s about the best way to tell the story, and that means finding the best Objectives to keep the character active during the course of the play.  And that implies the ACTOR being active during the rehearsal process, finding those Objectives.

Austin:  And I think some actors forget the power that a strong Objective choice can make in the whole process.  A strong, clearly defined objective can inform how you move or the blocking that you the ACTOR discover in rehearsal. 


Tom:  I like that.  But there’s another side to this coin we should probably address as well - and that is the temptation to SHOW the Objective to the audience.  This can be deadly.  Personally, I think as audience members, all we need to know is that the character is striving for something.  I don’t need to know necessarily what it is, and I definitely don’t want it spelled out.  So here the actor spends all this time finding the most appropriate Objective to play, but they have to be careful not to make it obvious, because in fact, they probably don’t want the other characters on stage to know what it is.  Right?  Telegraphing = bad, don’t you agree?

Austin:  I do.  I don’t think it’s very interesting to watch an Objective that is being telegraphed versus fought for.  However, I do think it’s important for actors to articulate that Objective for themselves so they can remind themselves what it is, especially if they ever find they’re off track.  There’s nothing worse than thinking you know what you want and not being able to say what it is, and then THAT is what the audience sees!  

Tom:  Very true.  It does no good if you ask an actor what they want and they reply, “I’ve got it written down.”  Then it does become - just as you say - a kind of thesis.  It needs to be in their heads so they can actively play it.

Austin:  But you brought up something interesting about the other characters knowing what your character’s Objective is.  Now this is very different than actors knowing, right?

Tom:  Yes and no.  I think definitely as characters you may not know what other characters want.  That’s pretty much how we spend our lives, right?  Trying to figure out what the people around us want from us.  As for actors knowing or not knowing what the other actors are striving for, in most cases they probably will know, just because they’re in the room when the conversations are happening between director and actors.  But I don’t know that other actors HAVE to know what you’re fighting for.  Do you?

Austin:  I think it doesn’t have to be public knowledge at all.  Sometimes it’s nice if it’s the actor’s little secret – but they have to know THEIR secret!  In fact, I remember a teacher once saying to me in class, “Don’t tell them what you want.  Make them do it.”  

Tom:  That’s fantastic advice.

Austin:  I really think there’s something personal about the Objective.  Sure, there’s nothing wrong with talking about it or other actors knowing what you’ve chosen, but it’s what YOU are going after that counts.

Tom:  Absolutely!  And my only final word on this subject is the reminder that Objectives - or Intentions or Needs or Tasks or Wants or Motivations - need to be directed to other people on stage.  It does no good to “want world peace” if it doesn’t lead to active behavior on stage.  Although please don’t think I’m against world peace; I’m actually for it.

Austin:  Well, I’m excited you want world peace, but if I had to watch two hours of you sitting in a room just “wanting” it and doing nothing to get it ... that wouldn’t be very interesting.

Tom:  Aha!  Now you’ve given me a challenge!  Actually, you’re right, it would be deadly.  So to sum up, even though we use some different terminology now and again, I actually love that we do.  And I think we’re on the same page that this is pretty important stuff - maybe the most important stuff about an actor’s technique.

Austin:  Right!  Actors play characters and characters serve a function.  We have to remember that when we’re out there discovering Objectives!  It’s very important stuff!

Tom:  Well said, and a good place to end.  Good lunch, my friend.

Austin:  Good lunch indeed.


No comments:

Post a Comment